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TIME: Almanac 1995
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TIME Almanac 1995.iso
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032993
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03299943.000
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1994-03-25
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<text id=93TT1313>
<title>
Mar. 29, 1993: Books:An A-Plus In Humanity
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
Mar. 29, 1993 Yeltsin's Last Stand
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
REVIEWS, Page 65
BOOKS
An A-Plus In Humanity
</hdr>
<body>
<p>By R.Z. SHEPPARD
</p>
<qt>
<l>TITLE: A Lesson Before Dying</l>
<l>AUTHOR: Ernest J. Gaines</l>
<l>PUBLISHER: Knopf; 256 Pages; $21</l>
</qt>
<p> THE BOTTOM LINE: With the art of a story-teller and the
skills of a novelist, Gaines makes the difficult look easy.
</p>
<p> A Lesson Before Dying is, like Ernest Gaines' best-known
novel, The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman, set in rural
Louisiana. The year is 1948, and the particulars have a familiar
ring. A young, black male is convicted of murder and sentenced
to death on incon clusive evidence. The youth, called
Jefferson, had the bad luck to be in a white man's store at the
same time that two acquaintances attempted a robbery. They shoot
the owner, but not before he fires effectively at them. Left
with three dead men on the floor, Jefferson panics and helps
himself to a bottle of whiskey and the contents of the cash
register as two customers walk through the door.
</p>
<p> The impulsive action ensures Jefferson a date with
Gruesome Gerty, the state's portable electric chair, even though
his lawyer argues that the accused is incapable of
premeditating a murder. "No, gentlemen, this skull here holds
no plans," the defense claims. "What you see here is a thing...to hold the handle of a plow, a thing to load your bales of
cotton, a thing to dig your ditches, to chop your wood, to pull
your corn." In effect, Jefferson is not condemned to die like
a man but be destroyed like a beast. Worse still, he believes
that he is no better than a dumb animal.
</p>
<p> The job of persuading him otherwise falls to the local
schoolteacher, Grant Wiggins, who has seen something of the
world before returning south to teach at the black grammar
school. Burdened with his own frustrations, not the least of
which is downplaying his intelligence and college education when
dealing with whites, Wiggins reluctantly undertakes to instruct
Jefferson in his humanity. In short, to teach him how to die.
</p>
<p> The lesson succeeds appropriately through an act of
language. Wiggins gets the young man to write his thoughts in
a journal, nine pages of semiliterate dialect that should not
work in 20th century fiction but does because Gaines delivers
a written equivalent of authentic oral expression, not a
romanticized rendering of black English.
</p>
<p> That is not all the author gets just right. The year may
be 1948, but the plantation manners are circa 1848. There is an
ominous courtesy between the races. The whites are soft-spoken
and patronizing. The blacks reply with exaggerated deference and
little eye contact. Few writers have caught this routine
indignity as well as Gaines. Fewer still have his dramatic
instinct for conveying the malevolence of racism and injustice
without the usual accompanying self-righteousness.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>